Determination of iodine in workplace air by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry / 中国职业医学

Objective To establish a solvent desorption inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method for determination of iodine in workplace air. Methods Iodine in workplace air was collected with alkaline activated carbon tube and desorbed with 10.0 mL pure water or 20 mmol/L sodium bicarbonate solution. Rhenium-185 was used as an internal standard for quantification. The sample was determined in standard mode and kinetic energy discrimination collision (KED) mode by ICP-MS. Results In standard mode, iodine showed a good linear range in the concentration of 9.0 to 1 100.0 μg/L, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 3 and a detection limit of 2.7 μg/L. In KED mode, iodine showed a good linear range in the concentration of 24.3 to 800.0 μg/L, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 1 and a detection limit of 7.3 μg/L. The average desorption efficiency using pure water ranged from 99.1% to 106.7%, with within-run relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3.1% to 8.0% and between-run RSD of 4.9% to 9.3%. The average desorption efficiency using sodium bicarbonate solution ranged from 96.5% to 105.3%, with within-run RSD of 4.9% to 8.6% and between-run RSD of 2.5% to 9.9%. There were no statistical significant differences in the main effects of desorption solution, ICP-MS detection mode, their interaction on average desorption efficiency and within-run RSD (all P>0.05). Samples could be stored at room temperature for at least 7 days. Conclusion This method is highly sensitive, accurate, and suitable for the determination of iodine in workplace air. The sample pretreatment is simple and rapid.

Effect of ship-shaped expanded polytetrafluoroethylene nasal prosthesis in rhinoplasty / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of ship-shaped expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) nasal prosthesis in rhinoplasty.Methods:From February 2016 to June 2021, 86 patients, including 9 males and 77 females, aged 18-47 (24±5) years old, were admitted to Chengdu High-tech Zone Xinyuerong Medical Aesthetic Clinic for cosmetic treatment of rhinoplasty. All patients underwent rhinoplasty with the application of ship-shaped e-PTFE and autologous cartilage. The postoperative complications, glabellar fullness, inverted brow triangle, nasal polygon aesthetic shape and patient satisfaction were evaluated. These data were measured and analyzed, including the nasal length, nasal tip height, nasal frontal angle and nasal facial angle before and after the operation.Results:In 86 patients, the incision healed in one stage after surgery, and 8 cases had nasal vestibular scar hyperplasia. All patients were followed up for 1-5 years: 84 cases obtained satisfactory nasal morphology, and 2 cases recovered naturally after adjusting and lowering the prosthesis height half a year after surgery because the interbrow area was too full. 74 patients (86%) were very satisfied, 10 cases (11.6%) were satisfied. The nasal length was (4.07±0.20) cm, the nasal tip height was (2.66±0.36) cm, the nasal frontal angle was (106.42±8.04)°, and the nasal face angle was (15.90±0.85)°before operation. The nasal length was (4.23±0.20) cm, the nasal tip height was (2.59±0.26) cm, the naso-frontal angle was (113.69±6.34)°, and the naso-facial angle was (21.57±0.78)° at eighteen months after operation. There were statistically significant differences in nasal length, naso-frontal angle and naso-facial angle ( t=-5.51, -5.96, -52.31, P<0.01), but no statistically significant differences in nasal tip height ( t=1.47, P=0.146). Conclusions:The ship-shaped e-PTFE can be shaped to reflect the aesthetic of the nose dorsum, which is similar to the anatomical structure of the nose dorsum, increase the stability and authenticity of the prosthesis, and is worthy of clinical application.

Clinical effect of integrated prosthesis on eyebrow arch augmentation / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the feasibility and advantages of integrated prosthesis of expanded polytetra-fluoroethylene (e-PTFE) in eyebrow arch augmentation.Methods:The clinical data of 45 patients with low or flat brow arch and glabellar zone from June 2019 to October 2020 in Chengdu High-tech Zone Xinyuerong Medical Aesthetic Clinic were analyzed retrospectively, in which it included 45 women, whose ages ranged from 20 to 39 years with average 29.8 years. Forty-three cases underwent primary surgery, and 2 cases underwent repair. The e-PTFE was sculpted to be personalized integrated prosthesis according to the shape of the patient's eyebrow arch and glabellar zone. The incision was designed on the medial and lateral sides of the lower margin of the bilateral eyebrow to avoid the supraorbital foramen, and the lacunae were striped under the frontal periosteum, and the two sides were connected to cover the glabellar zone and inverted triangle area between the eyebrows. The carved e-PTFE was implanted into one side and pulled out from the other side. The prosthesis was smoothed by Venn pliers of the ventral and dorsal sides.Results:The 45 patients in this group were followed up for 6-18 months. The incisions of all the patients were healed Ⅰ/A, and the scar of the incisions was concealed. Slight scalp numbness occurred in 4 patients and returned to normal 3 months later. The prosthesis in the glabellar zone appeared in 1 case 3 months after operation and returned to normal after reoperation. The symmetry, radian, fullness, convexity and tactility of bilateral eyebrow arch were all satisfactory in 45 cases. 39 cases were very satisfied, accounting for 86.7%; 6 cases (13.3%) were satisfactory. The sagittal distance of the anterior surface of the cornea to the soft tissues overlying the supraorbital rims was (2.02±1.72) mm preoperatively and (6.5±1.19) mm in the last follow-up. The difference was statistically significant ( t=14.49, P<0.01). Conclusions:This design of integral e-PTFE in eyebrow arch augmentation is safe, effective and easy to operate. It can significantly increase the bony beauty and stereoscopic sense of the eyebrow arch and glabellar zone, effectively deepen the eye socket, improve the eye protrusion, and reduce the risk of asymmetry and prosthesis displacement, and therefore it is one of the ideal methods for eyebrow arch augmentation.

Effects of a special shaped tip cartilage support structure on alar rim retraction / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical effectiveness and significance of special fixing cartilaginous support structure on nasal tip to prevent and correct alar rim retraction.Methods:Special shaped tip extension support structure was composed of two parts of type Ⅲ of septum extension graft (SEG) and two pieces of wedge graft fixed on either side of the cephalic end near the top of support structure. After the alar cartilage vault was fixed to the nasal tip cartilage support structure, the lower lateral cartilage (LLC) cephalic was fixed to both sides of this nasal tip support structure. The LLC received support from the cartilaginous support structure to counter and correct the lower lateral cartilage cephalic retraction. From January 2017 to January 2020, this surgical procedure was used in 34 patients (aged from 20 to 46 years, with mean 32.6 years) with rhinoplasty who had a nasal tip support structure but still had a space between the LLC and the stent intraoperativly. Preoperativly, 4 cases had normal relation of alar columella and alar rim, 18 cases had mild alar rim retraction, and 12 cases had moderate alar rim retraction. The patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months to observe the correction effect and patient satisfaction.Results:Among the 34 patients, 8 patients received alar edge graft, 2 patients received lateral foot support graft, and 2 patients received alar rim graft combined with lateral foot support graft. All patients were followed up for 6-18 months, 30 patients with alar rim retraction were completely corrected, and 4 patients with normal alar and nasal columella relationship did not have alar rim retraction after surgery. No complications such as infection, necrosis, contracture or respiratory dysfunction were found in all patients. 28 cases (82.4%) were very satisfied; 6 cases (17.6%) were satisfied; the satisfactory rate was 100%.Conclusions:The special shaped nasal tip cartilage support structure combined with type Ⅲ SEG and its cephalic wedge grafts could achieve satisfactory clinical results in the prevention and correction of alar rim retraction.

Effect of modified upper lip lifting by retaining nasal columellar base incision / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of a modified upper lip lifting technique with retaining the nasal columellar base incision.Methods:From Jun. 2019 to Jun. 2020, 24 cosmetic patients (aged from 18 to 36 years, with mean 26.5 years) underwent upper lip lifting with skin flap resection of bilateral upper lip flaps and retained the nasal columellar base in Chengdu High-Tech Zone Xinyuerong Medical Aesthetic Clinic. These factors were analyzed, including postoperative complications, improvement of nasolabial angle, effectiveness of upper lip lifting and overall satisfaction.Results:In the 24 patients, 2 patients had numbness in the upper lip after surgery, and returned to normal after 4 months. The concealed scar was effective to improve the linear scar and scar contracture of traditional upper lip lifting. All patients were followed up for 3 months to 1 year. The satisfactory lifting effectiveness was obtained in 24 cases. As for overall satisfaction, 22 cases were very satisfied (91.7%) and 2 cases were satisfied (8.3%).Conclusions:This upper lip lifting surgical procedure of upper lip flaps with retaining the nasal columellar base incision has changed the traditional method to avoid the upper lip horizontal line scar, nasolabial angle contracture, while ensuring the columellar base blood supply is not damaged, with minimized and concealed scar. This surgical procedure is a safe and effective method and worth clinical application.

Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate in prostate biopsy samples: Correlation with aggressive pathological features after radical prostatectomy and prognostic value in high-risk prostate cancer / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is an aggressive pathological pattern of prostate cancer (PCa). We investigated the association of IDC-P in prostate biopsy (PBx) with several pathological features after radical prostatectomy (RP) and its prognostic value in high-risk PCa. A total of 418 patients with high-risk PCa after RP were included in this study. IDC-P and its architectural patterns were identified according to the 2016 World Health Organization Classification. Chi-squared test and logistic regression were used to investigate the correlation between IDC-P and post-RP pathological features. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression were applied to explore the prognostic value of IDC-P. IDC-P was identified in PBx in 36/418 (8.6%) patients. Logistic regression indicated that IDC-P in PBx was independently associated with several pathological features of RP, including Gleason score 8-10 (P < 0.001), seminal vesicular invasion (P < 0.001), and pathological T (pT) 3a (P = 0.043). Patients with IDC-P in PBx manifested poorer biochemical-free survival (BFS) than those without IDC-P (37.47 months vs not reached, P < 0.001). The addition of IDC-P in several prognostic nomograms could improve the predictive accuracy of these tools. We conclude that IDC-P in PBx is positively associated with several aggressive pathological features after RP in high-risk PCa. In addition, IDC-P in PBx could effectively predict the BFS of high-risk PCa patients after RP.

The impact of different metastatic sites on the prognosis of mRCC patients and its value for modification of International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) model / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the impact of metastatic site on the prognosis in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), and it′s value for modifying the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) criteria.Methods:The data of 218 patients pathologically diagnosed with mRCC were analyzed retrospectively in West China Hospital from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2019. Among all patients, 71.6%(156/218) were male, and 89.0% (194/218) underwent nephrectomy. Most of the patients were pathologically diagnosed with renal clear cell carcinoma (176 patients, 80.7%). Lung (137/218, 62.8%) was the most observed metastatic site, following by bone (47/218, 26.1%), lymph node (37/218, 17.0%) and liver (23/218, 10.6%). All patients were classified into favorable (26 patients, 11.9%), intermediate (126 patients, 57.8%) or poor (37 patients, 17.0%) risk group according to IMDC criteria. Endpoints of this study were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and tumor response. The impact of metastatic sites on patients’ prognosis was analyzed, and those that had significant relationship with prognosis were then added into IMDC criteria and a modifying IMDC model was established. Predictive value of this model was further evaluated by calculating concordance index (C-index).Results:In the whole cohort, median PFS and OS were 13.0 and 33.0 months. Survival analysis suggested that patients with bone ( P=0.004), brain ( P=0.042) and liver ( P=0.046) had significantly shorter OS. Thus, patients were divided into two groups: patients with bone/brain/liver metastasis (82 patients, 37.6%) and patients with other metastatic sites (136 patients, 62.4%). Compared with patients with other metastatic sites, those who with bone/brain/liver metastasis had inferior tumor response by TKIs treatment (disease control rate: 51.2% vs. 73.5%, P=0.004). Multivariate analysis suggested that bone/brain/liver metastasis had negative impact on OS (25.0 vs. 47.0 mo, P=0.039). Furthermore, bone/brain/liver metastasis also showed significant relationship with shorter OS in IMDC low (30.0 vs. 62.0 months, P=0.036), intermediate (31.0 vs. 48.0 months, P=0.048) or high (7.0 vs. 18.0 months, P=0.037) risk group, indicating that metastatic site had predictive value for prognosis of mRCC patients. Based on that, bone/brain/liver metastasis were added into the IMDC criteria, and weighting each parameter was weighted according to its coefficient to patients’ OS. Finally, a modified IMDC scoring system were established. C-index of this modified model was 0.669 (0.599 for current IMDC criteria). Conclusions:Bone/brain/liver metastasis in mRCC patients indicated a shorter OS duration. When adding bone/brain/liver metastasis as a predictive parameter for prognosis of mRCC patients into IMDC criteria, the modified IMDC criteria could offer more accurate prediction for patients’ survival.

Clinico-pathological features of temporal lobe epilepsy with enlarged amygdala / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the clinical, video electroencephalogram (VEEG), radiological and pathological features of 3 patients of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with amygdala enlargement (AE).@*METHODS@#Three TLE patients with AE who were hospitalized in Peking University International Hospital were collected. The above features were retrospectively analyzed, and the amygdala volume was measured as well.@*RESULTS@#Of all the 3 patients, 2 were females and 1 male, whose seizure onset ages varied from 21 to 40 years. Two cases presented with secondarily generalized tonicclonic seizures after falling asleep during the night. One of the 2 cases had complex partial seizures (CPSs) with episodic memory and automatism after one year, and the third one had CPSs with lip smacking and tongue wagging during the night. All the patients suffered from obvious anxious disorder. Unilateral AE by MRI was demonstrated in the 3 cases, one on the right side, and the other two on the left side. The average amygdala volume of the enlarged side and the other side were (2 123.7±131.8) mm3 and (1 276.3±156.9) mm3, respectively. Unilateral interictal epileptic discharges were ipsilateral to the AE in 2 cases, while the other patient showed bilateral interictal epileptic discharges. The ictal VEEG showed that the seizure onset zone was ipsilateral to the AE and was confined to the anterior and middle temporal regions in the 3 patients. The interictal single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was negative in 2 cases. The interictal positron emission tomography (PET) showed hypometabolism in the AE in one case. The histological pathology revealed focal cortical dysplasia in the amygdala and temporal lobe in the 3 cases, and one of the 3 cases was combined with hippocampal sclerosis. All the patients became seizure free after surgery in the half year following-up. VEEG revealed slow wave activity and occasional spike wave in the operated side.@*CONCLUSION@#AE may be one subtype of TLE. It is necessary to recognize AE in TLE with MRI-negative. For those poorly responsive to antiepileptic drugs, surgical treatment could provide a better solution. Focal cortical dysplasia may be one of the most common pathological features of TLE with AE.

Consideration on the training mode for oncology graduate students in the internet era / 医学研究生学报

Training of oncology graduate students involves a wide range of knowledge , high specialization, and stressed culti-vation of the abilities of innovation, clinical research and basic research and humanistic quality in the process of knowledge acquire -ment.The overall accomplishment of graduate students is not only related to the health level and living standard of the people but also the inevitable requirement of the development of oncology .With an analysis of the existing inadequacies in the training mode for oncolo -gy graduates in China, this paper explores a training mode to cultivate compound high -level medical talents with an international horizon and overall accomplishment based on the curriculum setting , teaching methods and improvement of the comprehensive qualities of the graduate students.

Photosensitive resin used for 3D printing and its application in dentistry / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Nowadays,digitalization has become a major trend in the field of dentistry.It is highly important to apply 3D printing technology with the material of photosensitive resin to orthodontics,prosthodontics and so on.OBJECTIVE:To review the composition of photosensitive resin for 3D printing and its main commercial series,and to discuss about applications and prospects of photosensitive resin in the field of dentistry.METHODS:Using "3D printing,digitalization,photosensitive resin,dentistry" as key words in English and Chinese,the authors seareched the database PubMed and CNKI,respectively,for articles addressing the development of 3D printing technology,classification and composition of photosensitive resin as well as the progress and application of photosensitive resin in the field of dentistry over the past 15 years (1991-2016).RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Because of achieving the visualization of data,having advantages such as personalized design printing,fast small batch production,efficient and free molding manufacturing and being easy to manufacture complex modeling products,3D printing technology has been developed rapidly in various areas.Light-curing rapid prototyping technology (Stereo Lithigraphy Apparatus,SLA),based on photosensitive resin,is one of the most widely used technological processes of 3D printing.Photosensitive resin for 3D printing can be classified by composition and the main commercial series.At present,the development of photosensitive resin for 3D printing meets the demand of personalized design in the field of dentistry.It has been developed rapidly in orthodontics,prosthodontics,oral implantology,and oral internal medicine.It can be used in fixed denture,implanted surgical guide,base for removable denture and fused model manufacture.With the continuous expansion of the types of materials and improvement of material performance,digital dentistry will become a major trend in the future.

Relationship between the Proportion of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Tumor Mass and Postoperative Recurrence of Prostate Carcinoma / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the relationship between proportion of Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the prostate tumor mass and postoperative recurrence of prostate carcinoma in order to offer the theoretic as well as experimental basis for the prevention of postoperative recurrence in the prostate carcinoma.Methods The proportion of CD3+, CD8+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+ TILs cells of 81 PCa specimens underwent Radical prostatectomy were analyzed. The proportion of CD3+CD8+TILs in patients with recurrence of PCa within3 years after surgery (group A), within 35 years (group B) and without recurrence after 5 years (group C) was compared. Results The proportion of CD3+CD8+TILs was significantly lower in group A than that of in group B and C (P＜0.05), meanwhile, the proportion of CD3+CD8+TILs were significantly higher in group C than that in group A and B (P＜0.05), while the proportion of CD3+, CD8+, CD3+CD4+ in three groups had no significant difference (P＞0.05). Conclusion The proportion of CD3+CD8+TILs presented in the PCa specimen mass is relative to the postoperative recurrence of prostate cancer, which might be a biomarker for the surveillance of postoperative recurrence of PCa.

Antioxidative effect of luteolin pretreatment on simulated ischemia/reperfusion injury in cardiomyocyte and perfused rat heart / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the antioxidative effect and mechanism of luteolin on rat cardiomyocytes and isolated hearts followed by simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SI/R) injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The left ventricular cardiomyocytes and the isolated hearts from adult rats were subjected to SI/R injury. The experiment groups included control, SI/R, luteolin + SI/R (Lut + SI/R), vitamin E (Vit E) + SI/R, and LY294002 + luteolin + SI/R (LY + Lut + SI/R) groups. Cell viability, shortening amplitude, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), expression levels of Akt, phosphorylated Akt, NOX2 (gp91phox), NOX2 mRNA, mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and phosphorylated p38MAPK were all measured after 3-h simulated ischemia and 2-h simulated reperfusion procedure in cardiomyocytes. Vit E was used as a standard control. The contractile function of isolated hearts was further observed after they were subjected to 30-min global ischemia and 120-min reperfusion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pretreatment with 8-μmol/L luteolin substantially increased cell viability and shortening amplitude, while reducing evidence of oxidative stress-induced damage in the cells. In addition, the expression of NOX2, NOX2 mRNA and phosphorylation of p38MAPK were all downregulated. Furthermore, pretreatment with 40-μmol/L luteolin improved the recovery of myocardial contractile function following SI/R-induced injury, and luteolin markedly increased phosphorylation of Akt. However, all of the above effects were partially inhibited by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Luteolin prevents SI/R-induced myocardial damage by reducing oxidative stress-induced injury in isolated rat hearts and cardiomyocytes, and the cardioprotection induced by luteolin was partially mediated by the PI3K/Akt pathway.</p>

The Effect of Dezocine Analgesia on Cognitive Function of Patients after Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To discuss the application of Mini Mental State Scale (the mini-mental state examination MMSE) test in assess the effect of dezocine analgesia therapy on the cognitive function of patients with agitation in recovery period of general anesthesia after gynecological laparoscopic surgery.Methods We observed 210 cases of elective gynecologic laparoscopic surgery in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2015,ASA grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ.All patients were transrered to PACU (ICU) after extubation,and were divided into three groups:A,B,C group,each with 70 cases in each group.Patients with severe agitation in A group were timely given 10mg of dezocine,patients with mild agitation in B group were given 10mg of dezocine after a delay of 5 ～ 10 minutes,and patients without agitation in C group were not given dezocine.Then the MMSE test was performed to evaluate the cognition scores of patients in the three groups.The MMSE scores immediately,15 minutes,30 minutes,60 minutes after given dezocine and 24 hours after operation were recorded.Results The statistical results showed that there were significant differences in the MMSE scores of patients immediately and at 30 minutes after given dezocine between three groups (P＜0.05);and there was no significant difference in the MMSE scores of patients at 60 minutes after given dezocine and 24 hours after operation between three groups (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Dezocine analgesia therapy has no effect on the cognitive function of patients with agitation in recovery period of general anesthesia after gynecological laparoscopic surgery.Dezocine can be safely used for analgesia and sedation treatment for patients with agitation in recovery period of general anesthesia after gynecological laparoscopic surgery analgesia,sedation agitation.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of combined Chinese medicine and Western medicine for ischemic stroke patients / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of combining Chinese medicine (CM) with Western medicine (WM) for ischemic stroke patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hospitalization summary reports between 2006 and 2010 from eight hospitals in Beijing were used to analyze the length of stay (LOS), cost per stay (CPS), and outcomes at discharge.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 12,009 patients (female, 36.44%; mean age, 69.98±13.06 years old), a substantial number of patients were treated by the WM_Chinese patent medicine (CPM)_Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) (38.90%); followed by the WM_CPM (32.55%), the WM (24.26%), and the WM_CHM (4.15%). With adjustment for confounding variables, LOS of the WM_CPM_CHM group was about 10 days longer than that of the WM group, and about 6 days longer than that of the WM_CPM group or the WM_CHM group (P<0.01); CPS of the WM_CPM_CHM group was United States dollar (USD) 1,288 more than that of the WM group, and about USD 600 more than that of the WM_CPM group or the WM_CHM group (P<0.01). Compared with the WM group, odd ratio (OR) of recovered and improved outcome of the WM_CPM_CHM group was the highest [OR: 12.76, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 9.23, 17.64, P<0.01], OR of death outcome of the WM_CPM_CHM group was the lowest (OR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.12, P<0.01). There was no significant difference between LOS, CPS and OR of the WM_CPM group and those of the WM_CHM group (P>0.05). Cost/effectiveness and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of the WM_CPM_CHM group were robustly higher than those of the WM group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with WM alone, supplementing CPM and CHM to WM provides significant health benefits of improving the chance of recovered and improved outcome, and reducing the death rate, at an expense of longer LOS and higher CPS.</p>

Comparison of clinical efficacy between bevacizumab combined with triamcinolne acetonide and versus bevacizumab via intraovitreal injection for diabetic macular edema: A Meta-analysis / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Bevacizumab and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) has been widely used in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) clinically,but the effectiveness of both treatment has disadvantage.Therefore,some researchers try to combine bevacizumab with TA for the management of DME,but its efficacy is controversial.Objective This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intraovitreal injection of bevacizumab combined with TA versus bevacizumab for DME.Methods The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of bevacizumab combined with TA versus bevacizumab via intraovitreal injection for DME were searched from Pubmed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,CNKI.The methodological quality of the literature was evaluated according to evidencebased medicine (EBM),and the quality of the RCTs was appraised based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.The outcome indicators including the change values of central macular thickness (CMT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) as well as the safety indicators including topical and system adverse response of RCTs were analyzed with Cochrane Collaboration' s software RevMan 5.0.Results Nine RCTs were included with 665 eyes.The decrease value of CMT was more remarkable in the bevacizumab combined with TA group than that of the only bevacizumab group 12 weeks and 18 weeks after intravitreal injection (WMD =-44.69,95％ CI:25.27-64.11,P ＜ 0.000 001 ; WMD =-66.86,95％ CI:40.67-93.05,P ＜ 0.000 001).However,no significant differences were found in the change value of CMT in 6 weeks and 6 months after injection between the two groups (WMD =-15.40,95％ CI:-4.04-34.85,P =0.12 ; WMD =-2.57,95％ CI:-19.62-24.75,P =0.82).The improvement value of BCVA (LogMAR) in the bevacizumab combined with TA group was superior to that of the only bevacizumab group 6 weeks after injection (WMD =-0.04,95 ％ CI:-0.08--0.00,P =0.05),but there were no significant differences between the two groups at 12weeks,18 weeks and 6 months after treatment (WMD =-0.04,95％ CI:-0.12-0.05,P=0.36;WMD =-0.04,95％ CI:-0.11-0.03,P=0.28; WMD =0.03,95％ CI:-0.05-0.12,P=0.45).The incidence rate of transient anterior response after injection was not significantly different between the two groups (RR =0.89,95％ CI:0.49-1.60,P =0.70).Secondary ocular hypertension after injection occurred in 30 eyes in the bevacizumab combined with TA group,but no hypertension was seen in the only bevacizumab group.Conclusions Compared with only bevacizumab,intravitreal injection of bevacizumab combined with TA has a better efficacy in improving CMT but no obvious dominant in increasing BCVA for early DME.Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab combined with TA seemingly has a higher risk of inducing controllable ocular hypertension than administration of only bevacizumab.

Relationship between parental exposure to chemicals and risk of childhood acute leukemia / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between parental exposure to chemicals and the risk of childhood acute leukemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An exploratory case-control study was conducted among 201 new cases of childhood acute leukemia under 15 years old who went to 3 children's hospitals in Shanghai, China from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2010, as well as 201 sex- and age-matched children (as controls) who went to the child health care clinic or department of orthopedics in the above hospitals. A survey was performed by face-to-face interviews with children's mothers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The risk factors for childhood acute leukemia might include maternal exposure to total chemicals (diesel oil, gasoline, paints, insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, and chemical fertilizers) from 3 months before pregnancy to the end of pregnancy (OR = 2.9, 95%CI = 1.1 ∼ 7.8), paternal exposure to insecticides (OR = 10.1, 95%CI = 1.2 ∼ 82.9) and chemical fertilizers (OR = 9.5, 95%CI = 1.1 ∼ 79.6) within 3 months before pregnancy, maternal working experiences in agriculture and forestry before pregnancy (OR = 8.4, 95%CI = 1.4 ∼ 50.2) and in spinning, leather processing, decoration, and vehicle repair before pregnancy (OR = 3.0, 95%CI = 1.2 ∼ 7.9) and during pregnancy (OR = 3.2, 95%CI = 1.1 ∼ 9.6), and paternal working experiences in agriculture and forestry (OR = 9.6, 95%CI = 2.1-44.8) and in spinning, leather processing, decoration, and vehicle repair (OR = 2.3, 95%CI = 1.1-5.0).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Parental exposure to chemicals may increase the risk of childhood acute leukemia in their offspring.</p>

A case-control study on correlation of pesticide exposure with childhood acute leukemia / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the correlation of pesticide exposure with childhood acute leukemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An exploratory case-control study was conducted among childhood acute leukemia patients under 15 years old in Shanghai, China. From January 1st, 2006 to December 31st, 2008, a total of 80 newly diagnosed acute leukemia patients were recruited from Shanghai Children's Medical Center for the case group. Another 96 age-matched patients who visited the hospital for health examination, pediatric treatment or osteological therapy excluding hematological system diseases and neoplastic disease, were recruited for the control group. A questionnaire survey was conducted in both groups; and a 30 - 40 ml random urine sample was collected from each participant. Five types of organophosphorus pesticide metabolites was then detected among the samples, using Gas Chromatography with Flame Spectrophotometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to result of the questionnaire survey, more participants (55.0% (44/80)) in case group than in the control group (33.3% (32/96)) reported using mosquitocidal, which might increase the risk of childhood acute leukemia (OR = 2.444; 95%CI: 1.326 - 4.506). At the same time, the detection showed that the concentration (median) of organophosphate metabolites diethyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, dimethyl thiophosphate, diethyl thiophosphate and diethyl dithiophosphate in case group were 0.0682, 0.0082, 0.0183, 0.0233, 0.4259 µg/g Cr, which were all significantly higher than in control group (0.0865, 0.0025, 0.0112, 0.0123, 0.1207 µg/g Cr) except the concentration of diethyl phosphate (Z = -1.081, P = 0.279). The difference showed statistical significance (Z = -5.752, -2.800, -3.316, -8.120, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pesticide exposure may be one of the risk factors for childhood acute leukemia.</p>

Correlation between level of metallic elements in urine and childhood acute leukemia / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relation between the level of metallic elements in urine and childhood acute leukemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 71 patients under 15 years old who were newly diagnosed with acute leukemia between September 2007 and August 2008 without Downs' syndrome or other tumors, and 113 gender- and age-matched controls without tumors or congenital diseases were enrolled for the case-control study. The general data and potential risk factors were obtained by questionnaires. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the metal concentrations in urine, which was collected randomly before chemotherapy. Logistic regression model was performed for univariate and multivariate analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The questionnaire showed that there was significant difference in the proportion of children whose mothers had taken iron supplements during or 3 months before pregnancy between case group and control group, which was 28.2% (20/71) and 14.2% (16/113) respectively (Wald χ(2) = 5.438, P = 0.02). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that levels of vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, arsenic, and barium in urine from case group were all higher than those of control group with significant difference. The median values for vanadium in urine from case and control groups were 5.39 and 3.04 ng/mg creatinine (Wald χ(2) = 9.03, P < 0.05); the median values for manganese were respectively 4.46 and 2.44 ng/mg creatinine (Wald χ(2) = 10.57, P < 0.05); the median values for iron were separately 58.69 and 14.09 ng/mg creatinine (Wald χ(2) = 13.41, P < 0.05); the median values for cobalt were respectively 0.98 and 0.77 ng/mg creatinine (Wald χ(2) = 4.46, P < 0.05); the median values for copper were 61.17 and 10.90 ng/mg creatinine (Wald χ(2) = 8.15, P < 0.05); the median values for arsenic were respectively 55.93 and 36.11 ng/mg creatinine (Wald χ(2) = 4.57, P < 0.05); and the median values for barium were 8.55 and 2.87 ng/mg creatinine (Wald χ(2) = 4.82, P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the level of iron in urine had a significantly positive relation with the incidence of childhood acute leukemia (OR = 1.009, 95%CI = 1.002 - 1.016).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The level of iron in urine might be related to the occurrence of childhood acute leukemia, but its specific role needs further investigation.</p>

Determination of the activity of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase in the differentiated 3T3-F442A cells by enzyme-linked spectrophotometric assay / 生物医学工程学杂志

In order to probe into the patho-physiology semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO), we determined the variation of its activity in the days of 3T3-F442A cells' differentiation into adipocytes in vitro. The differentiated 3T3-F442A cells were collected in various days and disrupted by ultrasonication. Then we studied the SSAO activity of the collected cells by oxidase-linked spectrophotometric assay. In the course of 3T3-F442A cells' differentiation, SSAO expression was shown by a curve graph. There was no SSAO detected in 3T3-F442A preadipocyte, and only a little of SSAO was detected in the cells on the 3rd day of differentiation. Since then, SSAO significantly increased and reached to a maximum level six or seven days after the cells' differentiation.

Effects of tetracaine on functions of rat brain synaptosomal membrane / 中华麻醉学杂志

Effect of tetracaine on the lipid fluidity of synaptosomal membrane were studied by using 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfoacid (ANS) as a fluorescent probe and acetylcholinesterase (Ach E) activity. Ach E activity of rat brain synaptosmal membrane was slightly incresed at low concentration (